李霞:听力中的替换原则

一、注意事项

1.       替换原则

1）. 词性的替换

a) 名词和动词的替换

e.g. According to the accommodation rules, _________ can’t be changed.

原文:You must remember that no changes can be made to the meal time.

b)名词和形容词的替换

e.g. _________ is a necessity.

原文:It’s necessary to protect the environment.

2). 数字的替换

e.g. Most bottle makers use about __% recycled glass.

原文为Er, the bottles made in most places contain about three-quarters new glass and the rest is recycled.

还有: a quarter=1/4=25%

     In the 1900s=in the 20th century

     Score=20  Dozen=12   Decade=10

3). 语态的替换

e.g.___________________  provides work for 30 million people

原文: 30 million people earn a living by growing coffee.

4). 同义词和词组的替换

 e.g. The pressure on the coastal zone resulted from________..

原文: The population shift contributed a lot to the pressure on the coastal zone.

其它如fee-charge; permit-allow; : scientist -researcher; disadvantage-downside; sign-indication