GMAT阅读 ——（8）
?While there is no blueprint for transforming a largely
?government-controlled economy into a free one, the
?experience of the United Kingdom since 1979 clearly
?shows one approach that works: privatization, in which
(5) state-owned industries are sold to private companies. By
?1979, the total borrowings and losses of state-owned
?industries were running at about t3 billion a year. By
?selling many of these industries, the government has
?decreased these borrowings and losses, gained over t34
(10) billion from the sales, and now receives tax revenues from
?the newly privatized companies. Along with a dramatically
?improved overall economy, the government has been able
?to repay 12.5 percent of the net national debt over a
?two-year period.
(15) In fact, privatization has not only rescued individual
? industries and a whole economy headed for disaster, but
? has also raised the level of performance in every area. At
? British Airways and British Gas, for example, productivity
? per employee has risen by 20 percent. At associated
(20) British Ports, labor disruptions common in the 1970’s and
? early 1980’s have now virtually disappeared. At British
? Telecom, there is no longer a waiting list-as there always
? was before privatization-to have a telephone installed.
? Part of this improved productivity has come about
(25) because the employees of privatized industries were given
? the opportunity to buy shares in their own companies. They
? responded enthusiastically to the offer of shares; at British
? Aerospace, 89 percent of the eligible work force bought
? shares; at Associated British Ports, 90 percent; and at
(30) British Telecom, 92 percent. When people have a personal
? stake in something, they think about it, care about it, work
? to make it prosper. At the National Freight Consortium,
? the new employee-owners grew so
?government-controlled economy into a free one, the
?experience of the United Kingdom since 1979 clearly
?shows one approach that works: privatization, in which
(5) state-owned industries are sold to private companies. By
?1979, the total borrowings and losses of state-owned
?industries were running at about t3 billion a year. By
?selling many of these industries, the government has
?decreased these borrowings and losses, gained over t34
(10) billion from the sales, and now receives tax revenues from
?the newly privatized companies. Along with a dramatically
?improved overall economy, the government has been able
?to repay 12.5 percent of the net national debt over a
?two-year period.
(15) In fact, privatization has not only rescued individual
? industries and a whole economy headed for disaster, but
? has also raised the level of performance in every area. At
? British Airways and British Gas, for example, productivity
? per employee has risen by 20 percent. At associated
(20) British Ports, labor disruptions common in the 1970’s and
? early 1980’s have now virtually disappeared. At British
? Telecom, there is no longer a waiting list-as there always
? was before privatization-to have a telephone installed.
? Part of this improved productivity has come about
(25) because the employees of privatized industries were given
? the opportunity to buy shares in their own companies. They
? responded enthusiastically to the offer of shares; at British
? Aerospace, 89 percent of the eligible work force bought
? shares; at Associated British Ports, 90 percent; and at
(30) British Telecom, 92 percent. When people have a personal
? stake in something, they think about it, care about it, work
? to make it prosper. At the National Freight Consortium,
? the new employee-owners grew so